From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ostensibly, ISIN’s apply to items that
can be traded on the markets as a security.
The ISIN code is a 12-character alpha-numerical
code that does not contain information characterizing financial instruments but
serves for uniform identification of a
security at trading and settlement.
Securities to which ISINs can be issued include debt securities, shares,
options, derivatives and futures.
The ISIN identifies the security, not the exchange (if any) on which it trades; it is not a ticker symbol.
For instance, Daimler AG stock trades through almost 30 trading platforms and exchanges
worldwide, and is priced in five different currencies; it has the same ISIN on
each, though not the same ticker symbol. ISIN cannot specify a particular
trading location in this case, and
another identifier, typically MIC (Market Identification Code) or the three-letter exchange code, will
have to be specified in addition to the ISIN. The Currency of the trade will
also be required to uniquely identify the instrument using this method.
Description
An ISIN consists of three parts:
Generally, a two letter country code, a nine
character alpha-numeric national security identifier, and a single check digit.
The country code is the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for
the country of issue, which is not necessarily the country where the issuing
company is domiciled.
International securities cleared through Clearstream or Euroclear, which are Europe-wide, use "XS" as the country code.
Issuance
The ISIN is based on the National Securities Identifying Number, or NSIN, assigned by governing bodies in each country, known as the national numbering agency (NNA).
The NNAs are co-ordinated through the Association
of National Numbering Agences, ANNA.[1]
The NSIN element of the ISIN can be up to 9 digits
long. Shorter numbers are padded with
leading zeros before the addition of the country code and a check digit
transform the NSIN to an ISIN.
In North America the NNA is the CUSIP organization, meaning that CUSIPs can easily be converted into ISINs by adding the US or CA country code to the beginning of the existing CUSIP code and adding an
additional check digit at the end.
Most other countries use similar conversions, but
if no country NNA exists then regional NNAs are used instead.
ISIN
Calculation Methodology
The procedure for calculating ISIN check digits is
similar to the "Modulus 10 Double Add Double" technique used in
CUSIPs.
To calculate the check digit,
first convert any letters to numbers by adding
their ordinal position in the alphabet to 9, such that A = 10 and M = 22.
Starting with the right most digit, every other
digit is multiplied by two.
(For CUSIP check digits, these two steps are
reversed.)
The resulting string of digits (numbers greater
than 9 becoming two separate digits) are added up.
Subtract this sum from the smallest number ending
with zero that is greater than or equal to it: this gives the check digit,
which is also known as the ten's complement of the sum modulo 10.
That is, the resulting sum, including the
check-digit, is a multiple of 10.
ISINs are slowly being introduced worldwide.
At present, trading, clearing and settlement
systems in many countries have adopted ISINs as a secondary measure of identifying securities.
Additionally, some of those countries, mainly in
Europe, have moved to using ISINs as their primary
means of identifying securities.
Conversion table for characters is :
A = 10
|
F = 15
|
K = 20
|
P = 25
|
U = 30
|
Z = 35
|
B = 11
|
G = 16
|
L = 21
|
Q = 26
|
V = 31
|
|
C = 12
|
H = 17
|
M = 22
|
R = 27
|
W = 32
|
|
D = 13
|
I = 18
|
N = 23
|
S = 28
|
X = 33
|
|
E = 14
|
J = 19
|
O = 24
|
T = 29
|
Y = 34
|
|
In other words; Take the ASCII code for the capital letter and subtract 55
C function for validating an ISINCode:
int
isIsinValid(const
char *isin)
{
int d1, d2, sum, multiply, i;
if (!isin || strlen(isin) != 12 ||
!isdigit(isin[11]))
return 0;
for (sum = 0, multiply = 1, i = 10; i >
-1; --i) {
switch (i) {
case 0:
case 1:
if (isupper(isin[i]))
d1 = isin[i] - 'A' + 10;
else
return 0;
break;
default:
if (isupper(isin[i]))
d1 = isin[i] - 'A' + 10;
else if (isdigit(isin[i]))
d1 = isin[i] - '0';
else
return 0;
break;
}
if (d1 < 10) {
d1 *= (multiply ? 2 : 1);
multiply = !multiply;
} else {
d2 = d1 / 10;
d1 %= 10;
d1 *= (multiply ? 2 : 1);
d2 *= (multiply ? 1 : 2);
sum += (d2 % 10) + (d2 / 10);
}
sum += (d1 % 10) + (d1 / 10);
}
sum %= 10;
sum = 10 - sum;
sum %= 10;
if (sum != isin[11] - '0')
return 0;
return 1;
}
Fortran function for validating an ISINCode:
*
*
Checks whether an ISIN is valid
*
LOGICAL FUNCTION IS_ISIN(ISIN)
CHARACTER*13 ISIN
INTEGER I
INTEGER NEWSUM, OLDSUM
INTEGER
D1
INTEGER D2
LOGICAL MULTIPLY
LOGICAL IS_DIGIT
LOGICAL IS_UPPER
IF (LEN_TRIM(ISIN) .NE. 12) THEN
IS_ISIN = .FALSE.
RETURN
ENDIF
IF (IS_DIGIT(ISIN(12:12)) .EQV. .FALSE.)
THEN
IS_ISIN = .FALSE.
RETURN
ENDIF
NEWSUM = 0
MULTIPLY = .TRUE.
DO I = 11, 1, -1
IF (I .EQ. 0 .OR. I .EQ. 1) THEN
IF (IS_UPPER(ISIN(I:I))) THEN
D1 = IACHAR(ISIN(I:I)) - IACHAR('A')
+ 10
ELSE
IS_ISIN = .FALSE.
RETURN
ENDIF
ELSE
IF (IS_UPPER(ISIN(I:I))) THEN
D1 = IACHAR(ISIN(I:I)) -
IACHAR('A') + 10
ELSE IF (IS_DIGIT(ISIN(I:I)))
THEN
D1 = IACHAR(ISIN(I:I)) -
IACHAR('0')
ELSE
IS_ISIN = .FALSE.
RETURN
ENDIF
ENDIF
IF (D1 .LT. 10) THEN
IF (MULTIPLY) THEN
D1 = D1 * 2
ENDIF
MULTIPLY = .NOT. MULTIPLY
ELSE
D2 = D1 / 10
D1 = MOD(D1, 10)
IF (MULTIPLY) THEN
D1 = D1 * 2
ELSE
D2 = D2 * 2
ENDIF
NEWSUM = NEWSUM + MOD(D2, 10) +
(D2 / 10)
ENDIF
NEWSUM = NEWSUM + MOD(D1, 10) + (D1
/ 10)
ENDDO
NEWSUM = MOD(NEWSUM, 10)
NEWSUM = 10 - NEWSUM
NEWSUM = MOD(NEWSUM, 10)
OLDSUM = IACHAR(ISIN(12:12)) -
IACHAR('0')
IF (OLDSUM .NE. NEWSUM) THEN
IS_ISIN = .FALSE.
RETURN
ENDIF
IS_ISIN = .TRUE.
RETURN
END
*
*
Checks whether a character is a digit
*
LOGICAL FUNCTION IS_DIGIT(C)
CHARACTER*1 C
CHARACTER*10 DIGIT
INTEGER INDX
DIGIT = '0123456789'
INDX = INDEX(DIGIT, C)
IF (INDX .NE. 0) THEN
IS_DIGIT = .TRUE.
ELSE
IS_DIGIT = .FALSE.
ENDIF
RETURN
END
*
*
Checks whether a character is an uppercase letter
*
LOGICAL FUNCTION IS_UPPER(C)
CHARACTER*1 C
CHARACTER*26 UPPER
INTEGER INDX
UPPER = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
INDX = INDEX(UPPER, C)
IF (INDX .NE. 0) THEN
IS_UPPER = .TRUE.
ELSE
IS_UPPER = .FALSE.
ENDIF
RETURN
END
Excel VBA Function for validating an ISINCode:
Public
Function ISINCODE(ByVal sISINCode As String) As Boolean
'Jelle-Jeroen Lamkamp 28 Apr 2008
Dim i As Integer: Dim iTotalScore As Integer
Dim s As String: Dim sDigits As String
sISINCode = UCase(Trim(sISINCode))
If Len(sISINCode) <> 12 Then Exit
Function
If MID(sISINCode,1,1) < "A" Or
MID(sISINCode,1,1) > "Z" Then Exit Function
If MID(sISINCode,2,1) < "A" Or
MID(sISINCode,2,1) > "Z" Then Exit Function
sDigits = ""
For i = 1 To 11
s = Mid(sISINCode, i, 1)
If s >= "0" And s <=
"9" Then
sDigits = sDigits & s
ElseIf s >= "A" And s <=
"Z" Then
sDigits = sDigits & CStr(Asc(s) -
55)
Else
Exit Function
End If
Next i
sDigits = StrReverse(sDigits)
iTotalScore = 0
For i = 1 To Len(sDigits)
iTotalScore = iTotalScore +
CInt(Mid(sDigits, i, 1))
If i Mod 2 = 1 Then
iTotalScore = iTotalScore +
CInt(Mid(sDigits, i, 1))
If CInt(Mid(sDigits, i, 1)) > 4
Then
iTotalScore = iTotalScore - 9
End If
End If
Next i
If (10 - (iTotalScore Mod 10)) Mod 10 =
CInt(Mid(sISINCode, 12, 1)) Then ISINCODE = True
End
Function
TSQL code for validating an ISINCode:
--
================================================
SET
ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET
QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
--
=============================================
--
Author: Pang Chong Peng
--
Create date: 20/7/2010
--
Description: CheckSum for ISIN code
--
=============================================
CREATE
FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_IsISINValid] ( @ISINCode
AS NVARCHAR(20))
RETURNS
BIT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @i AS INT;
DECLARE @iTotalScore AS int;
DECLARE @s AS INT;
DECLARE @sDigit AS VARCHAR(22); /* Edit
101004 csouto: Needs to be 22 characters long so it can validate Isin Codes for
'Lotes Padrão' */
SELECT @ISINCode = UPPER(@ISINCode);
IF LEN (@ISINCode) != 12
RETURN 0;
IF ASCII(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 1, 1)) <
ASCII('A') OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 1, 1)) > ASCII('Z')
RETURN 0;
IF ASCII(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 2, 1))
< ASCII('A') OR ASCII(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 2, 1)) > ASCII('Z')
RETURN 0;
IF (ISNUMERIC(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 12,
1)) = 0) -- Check that the checksum is numeric
RETURN 0;
SELECT @sDigit = '';
SELECT @i = 1;
WHILE (@i <= 11)
BEGIN
SELECT @s =
ASCII(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, @i, 1))
IF @s >= ASCII('0') AND @s
<= ASCII('9')
SELECT @sDigit =
@sDigit + SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, @i, 1);
ELSE IF @s >= ASCII('A') AND
@s <= ASCII('Z')
SELECT @sDigit = @sDigit +
CONVERT(VARCHAR(2), @s - 55);
ELSE
BREAK;
SELECT @i = @i + 1;
END
SELECT @sDigit = REVERSE(@sDigit);
SELECT @iTotalScore = 0;
SELECT @i = 1;
WHILE (@i <= LEN(@sDigit))
BEGIN
SELECT @iTotalScore =
@iTotalScore + CONVERT(INT, SUBSTRING(@sDigit, @i, 1))
IF @i%2 = 1
BEGIN
SELECT @iTotalScore =
@iTotalScore + CONVERT(INT, SUBSTRING(@sDigit, @i, 1))
IF CONVERT(INT, (SUBSTRING(@sDigit, @i, 1)))
> 4
BEGIN
SELECT
@iTotalScore = @iTotalScore - 9;
END
END
SELECT @i = @i + 1;
END
IF (10 - (@iTotalScore%10))%10 =
CONVERT (INT,(SUBSTRING(@ISINCode, 12, 1)))
RETURN 1;
RETURN 0;
END
JavaScript code for validating an ISINCode:
function
checkISINCODE(sISINCode){
var i, iTotalScore, s, sDigits;
if( sISINCode.length != 12){
return false;
}
if( sISINCode.charCodeAt(0) <
"A".charCodeAt(0) ||
sISINCode.charCodeAt(0) >
"Z".charCodeAt(0) ){
return false;
}
if( sISINCode.charCodeAt(1) <
"A".charCodeAt(0) ||
sISINCode.charCodeAt(1) >
"Z".charCodeAt(0) ){
return false;
}
sDigits = "";
for(var i = 0; i < 11; i++){
sDigits +=
parseInt(sISINCode.charAt(i), 36);
}
var sDigits =
sDigits.split("").reverse().join("");
var iTotalScore = 0;
for(var i = 0; i< sDigits.length;
i++){
iTotalScore +=
parseInt(sDigits.charAt(i));
if (i % 2 == 0){
iTotalScore +=
parseInt(sDigits.charAt(i));
if ( parseInt(sDigits.charAt(i))
> 4 ){
iTotalScore -= 9;
}
}
}
return (10 - (iTotalScore % 10)) % 10
== parseInt(sISINCode.charAt(11));
}
Java code for validating an ISINCode:
private static final Pattern ISIN_PATTERN =
Pattern.compile("[A-Z]{2}([A-Z0-9]){9}[0-9]");
public static boolean checkIsinCode(final
String isin) {
if (isin == null) {
return false;
}
if (!ISIN_PATTERN.matcher(isin).matches())
{
return false;
}
StringBuilder digits = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < 11; ++i) {
digits.append(Character.digit(isin.charAt(i), 36));
}
digits.reverse();
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < digits.length();
++i) {
int digit =
Character.digit(digits.charAt(i), 36);
if (i % 2 == 0) {
digit *= 2;
}
sum += digit / 10;
sum += digit % 10;
}
int checkDigit =
Character.digit(isin.charAt(11), 36);
int tensComplement = (sum % 10 == 0) ? 0 :
((sum / 10) + 1) * 10 - sum;
return checkDigit == tensComplement;
}
C# Code for validating an ISINCode:
using
System;
using
System.Text.RegularExpressions;
namespace
ISIN
{
public static class ISINChecker
{
public static bool CheckIsinCode(string
isin)
{
Regex ISIN_PATTERN = new
Regex(@"[A-Z]{2}([A-Z0-9]){9}[0-9]");
if (isin == null)
{
return false;
}
if (!ISIN_PATTERN.IsMatch(isin))
{
return false;
}
int[] digits = new int[22];
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++)
{
char c = isin[i];
if (c >= '0' && c
<= '9')
{
digits[index++] = c - '0';
}
else if (c >= 'A' &&
c <= 'Z')
{
int n = c - 'A' + 10;
int tens = n / 10;
if (tens != 0)
{
digits[index++] = tens;
}
digits[index++] = n % 10;
}
else
{
// Not a digit or
upper-case letter.
return false;
}
}
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < index; i++)
{
int digit = digits[index - 1 -
i];
if (i % 2 == 0)
{
digit *= 2;
}
sum += digit / 10;
sum += digit % 10;
}
int checkDigit = isin[11] - '0';
int tensComplement = (sum % 10 ==
0) ? 0 : ((sum / 10) + 1) * 10 - sum;
return checkDigit ==
tensComplement;
}
}
}
Python code for validating ISIN codes
import
re
def
checkISIN(value):
value = value.strip().upper()
m =
re.match('^([A-Z][A-Z])([A-Z0-9]{9}\d)$', value)
if not m:
return False
sum_digits_str = ''.join(str(int(c, 36))
for c in value[:11])
total_sum = 0
parity = len(sum_digits_str) % 2
for n, c in enumerate(sum_digits_str):
a = int(c)
if n % 2 != parity:
a = a * 2
total_sum += a / 10
total_sum += a % 10
check_digit = (10 - (total_sum % 10)) % 10
return value[11] == unicode(check_digit)
if
__name__ == "__main__":
for i in [
'US0378331005',
'AU0000XVGZA3',
'GB0002634946']:
print i, checkISIN(i)
SAS code for validating ISIN codes
/*
Aitor Olasagasti Alonso 2011-04-19 */
/*
SAS 8.2 and SAS 9.X compatible */
data
trueIsin;
set isinTable;
length allCode $24;
ilegal = 0;
if length(isin) ^= 12 then delete;
lastNum = substr(isin, 12, 1);
code = rank(lastNum);
if not (code >= 48 and code =< 57)
then delete;
do i = 1 to 11;
code = rank(substr(isin, i, 1));
if code <48 or (code > 57 and
code < 65) or code > 90 then ilegal = 1;
if (i = 1 or i = 2) and (code < 65
or code > 90) then ilegal = 1;
if code >= 65 and code =< 90 then do;
code = code-55;
allCode = compress(allCode) ||
compress(put(code, best.));
end;
else do;
allCode = compress(allCode) ||
substr(isin, i, 1);
end;
end;
if ilegal then delete;
suma = 0;
rAllCode =
reverse(trim(allCode));
rlength = length(rAllCode);
do i = 1 to rlength;
numb = input(substr(rAllCode, i, 1),
best.);
if mod(i, 2) then do;
numb = numb * 2;
if numb / 10 >= 1 then do;
suma = suma + mod(numb, 10) +
1;
end;
else do;
suma = suma + (numb);
end;
end;
else do;
suma = suma + numb;
end;
end;
modSum = mod(suma, 10);
total = mod(10 - modSum, 10);
if total ^= input(lastNum, best.) then
delete;
run;
PHP Code for validating an ISINCode:
function
isIsin($isin) {
if (strlen(trim($isin))) {
$cle = substr($isin, -1);
$isinLeft = substr($isin, 0,
strlen($isin)-1);
$letter2number =
array('A'=>10, 'B'=>11, 'C'=>12, 'D'=>13, 'E'=>14, 'F'=>15,
'G'=>16, 'H'=>17, 'I'=>18, 'J'=>19, 'K'=>20, 'L'=>21,
'M'=>22, 'N'=>23, 'O'=>24, 'P'=>25, 'Q'=>26, 'R'=>27,
'S'=>28, 'T'=>29, 'U'=>30, 'V'=>31, 'W'=>32, 'X'=>33,
'Y'=>34, 'Z'=>35);
$isinConvertion =
strtr($isinLeft, $letter2number);
$sum = '';
$sumFinal = 0;
$offset = (strlen($isinConvertion)
+ 1) % 2;
$isinConvertionLen =
strlen($isinConvertion);
for($i=0; $i <
$isinConvertionLen; ++$i) $sum .= ((($i + $offset) % 2) ? 1 : 2) *
$isinConvertion[$i];
$sumLen = strlen($sum);
for($i=0; $i < $sumLen; ++$i) $sumFinal +=
$sum[$i];
if ($sumFinal % 10){
$cleVerif =
((int)($sumFinal/10) + 1) * 10 - $sumFinal;
} else {
$cleVerif = 0;
}
if ($cle == $cleVerif) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
return false;
}
}
UNIX shell script for validating a list of ISIN
Codes:
#!/bin/bash
#
GNU bash, version 3.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu)
#
#
created by: Erik Klamer
#
date: 26/06/2012
#
usage: save code in script and run
with argument
# pointing to file containing list
of ISIN codes
cat
$1|while read ISIN ; do
[[ "${ISIN}" =~
[A-Z]{2}[A-Z0-9]{10} ]] || continue
unset CALC
unset REVCALC
SUM=0
for i
in {0..10} ; do
CHAR=${ISIN:$i:1}
[[ "${CHAR}" =~ [A-Z] ]]
&& VALUE=$(expr $(printf "%d\n" "'${CHAR}") - 55)
[[
"${CHAR}" =~ [0-9] ]] && VALUE=${CHAR}
CALC=${CALC}${VALUE}
done
REVCALC=$(echo ${CALC}|rev)
for (( i = 0; i < ${#REVCALC}; i++ )) ; do
if [[ $i%2 -eq 0 ]] ; then
MCHAR=$(expr ${REVCALC:$i:1} \* 2)
[[ ${#MCHAR} -eq 2 ]] && MCHAR=$(expr
${MCHAR:0:1} + ${MCHAR:1:1})
else
MCHAR=${REVCALC:$i:1}
fi
SUM=$(expr ${SUM} + ${MCHAR})
done
MOD=$(expr 10 - ${SUM:${#SUM}-1:1})
[[ ${MOD} -eq 10 ]] && MOD=0
[[ $(expr ${MOD} - ${ISIN:${#ISIN}-1:1}) -eq
0 ]] && echo ${ISIN}
done
Examples
Apple Inc.
The main body of the ISIN is the original CUSIP, assigned in the 1970s.
The country code "US" has been added on
the front, and an additional check digit at the end.
The country code indicates the country of issue.
The check digit is calculated in this way...
Convert any letters to numbers:
U = 30, S = 28. US037833100 -> 3028037833100.
Collect odd and even characters:
3028037833100 = (3, 2, 0, 7, 3, 1, 0), (0, 8, 3, 8,
3, 0)
Multiply the group containing the rightmost
character (which is the FIRST group) by 2:
(6, 4, 0, 14, 6, 2, 0)
Add up the individual digits:
(6 + 4 + 0 + (1 + 4) + 6 + 2 + 0) + (0 + 8 + 3 + 8
+ 3 + 0) = 45
Take the 10s modulus of the sum:
45 mod 10 = 5
Subtract from 10:
10 - 5 = 5
Take the 10s modulus of the result (this final step
is important in the instance where the modulus of the sum is 0, as the
resulting check digit would be 10).
5 mod 10 = 5
So the ISIN check digit is five.
Treasury
Corporation of Victoria
TREASURY CORP VICTORIA 5 3/4% 2005-2016: ISIN AU0000XVGZA3
Convert any letters to numbers:
A = 10, G = 16, U = 30, V = 31, X = 33, Z = 35.
AU0000XVGZA -> 103000003331163510.
Collect odd and even characters:
103000003331163510 = (1, 3, 0, 0, 3, 3, 1, 3, 1),
(0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 1, 6, 5, 0)
Multiply the group containing the rightmost
character (which is the SECOND group) by 2:
(0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 2, 12, 10, 0)
Add up the individual digits:
(1 + 3 + 0 + 0 + 3 + 3 + 1 + 3 + 1) + (0 + 0 + 0 +
0 + 6 + 2 + (1 + 2) + (1 + 0) + 0) = 27
Take the 10s modulus of the sum:
27 mod 10 = 7
Subtract from 10:
10 - 7 = 3
Take the 10s modulus of the result (this final step
is important in the instance where the modulus of the sum is 0, as the
resulting check digit would be 10).
3 mod 10 = 3
So the ISIN check digit is three.
BAE Systems
BAE Systems: ISIN GB0002634946, expanded from SEDOL 0263494
The main body is the SEDOL, padded on the front with the addition of two zeros.
The country code
"GB" is then added on the front, and the check digit on the end as in
the example above.
References
- ^ http://www.anna-web.com
- ^ http://www.annaservice.com
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number
ReutersMervyn A. King, governor of the Bank of England, addressed a parliamentary committee on Tuesday.
